Tongyi Qianwen, Alibaba's large language model, on display during an expo in Shanghai last year. [Photo for China Daily]

Chinese startup DeepSeek has made a significant mark in the generative AI landscape with the groundbreaking release of its latest large-scale language model (LLM), which is comparable to leading models from heavyweights like OpenAI.

DeepSeek's V3 model, trained for just two months using significantly fewer computing resources, delivers performance on par with the world's top proprietary model, GPT-4o, at a much lower cost than its rivals, according to the Hangzhou-based firm.

DeepSeek-V3 makes it "look easy today with an open weights release of a frontier-grade LLM trained on a joke of a budget (2,048 GPUs for 2 months, $6M)", posted Andrej Karpathy, a founding member of OpenAI, on social media platform X.

"This is such clean engineering under resource constraints…all of this looks so elegant," said Tim Dettmers, a research scientist at Allen AI, on X.

DeepSeek's new open-source tool exemplifies a shift in China's AI ambitions, signaling that merely catching up to ChatGPT is no longer the goal. Instead, Chinese tech firms are now focused on delivering more affordable and versatile AI services.

According to a 2024 report by the China Internet Network Information Center, 230 million users in China had registered for using generative AI-powered products as of June 2024.

In November, the Beijing-based AI startup Shengshu Technology unveiled its image-to-video tool called Vidu-1.5, capable of generating a video from as few as three input images within 30 seconds while establishing logical relationships among those objects in a scene.

Its impressive performance has quickly garnered widespread admiration in both the AI community and the film industry.

Sony's Venom: The Last Dance, screened in China in October, was accompanied by an elegant Chinese ink-style promotional video crafted by Vidu. In the clip, ink blossoms across the screen as Venom morphs into a war horse, fish and crane, before playfully turning into a Kongming Lantern.

Using traditional film methods to produce a 30-second trailer typically takes about 30 days, but with Vidu, it only takes 10 working days and saves nearly 90 percent on post-production costs, said Zhang Xudong, product director of Shengshu Technology.

AI design can also inspire artists, offering new creative ideas beyond expectations, Zhang added.

In March, Wang Feng and his team at East China Normal University unveiled a million-word AI-generated fantasy novel, Heavenly Mandate Apostle, crafted with a homegrown large language model. "This novel was completed in just a month and a half, a feat that would take a dedicated human author a full year to match," Wang said.

The team later launched their second AI-generated novel, The Awakening at the Machine Epoch, which features a more gripping narrative, averaging 1.5 conflicts per chapter compared to the 1.2 in their first work.

The Xingye chatbot, developed by Shanghai-based startup MiniMax, uses AI to enable users to interact with a virtual romantic partner. However, its youthful user base has fostered a unique "community vibe," as the app combines an AI chatbot with a collectible card system, creating a dynamic platform for user-generated content.

The chatbot is drawing in a variety of internet culture enthusiasts, ranging from anime and comic fans to cosplayers and gamers, who use AI virtual characters to collaboratively create unique narratives deeply resonant with their respective communities.

Xingye's international version, Talkie, along with another Chinese AI companion app, Poly.ai, ranked among the top 10 most downloaded AI apps in the United States during the first half of 2024.

Alibaba's Tongyi LLM, specializing in digital avatar tech, has recently gained internet fame with its "All-People's Stage" feature. This innovative feature transforms static photos into dynamic singing or dancing videos, setting a new trend in entertainment.

In June, during a gala on China Central Television, Tongyi's AI-generated technology enabled Terracotta Warriors to perform the traditional Chinese art form of Huayin old tune.

However, the misuse of talking head technology has led to a surge in fake content, such as rewriting the classic Dream of the Red Chamber as a martial arts story.

Last month, China's broadcasting watchdog issued new rules to strengthen oversight, highlighting the country's commitment to closely monitoring the rapid growth of AI.